EECP vs angioplasty vs bypass: what’s the difference?

Angioplasty, bypass surgery and EECP are often discussed together, but they work very differently and are used for different situations. This guide explains the differences so you can have a better conversation with your cardiologist.

Quick comparison

• Angioplasty (PCI): a catheter opens a narrowed artery with a balloon and usually a stent. Essential in many heart attacks; in stable disease mainly relieves symptoms.

• Bypass surgery (CABG): surgeons create new routes for blood around blockages using other blood vessels. Preferred for some patterns of extensive disease.

• EECP: leg cuffs inflate and deflate with the heartbeat. Non-invasive; may reduce angina in selected patients who are not suitable for or do not want further procedures. It does not remove blockages.

Which is right for me?

The choice depends on your symptoms, the location and severity of blockages, heart function, other illnesses and your preferences. In a heart attack, urgent procedures save lives — EECP has no role in emergencies.